C3 Alliance Corp. is a private consulting firm that specializes in Indigenous engagement and negotiation in the context of resource extraction. It leverages the experience of its staff—many of them former government and industry executives from mining, oil and forestry sectors—to lobby government in the interests of resource extraction, and to advise industry on how to avoid conflict when working with Indigenous communities whose territories are implicated in their operations. While C3 Alliance also contracts its consulting services to Indigenous communities looking to increase benefits to them from resource development, the largest share of C3 Alliance’s client base is industry—primarily mining, forestry, fracking and pipeline companies.¹